What an Open Network Fingerprint Database Should Publish
A useful open fingerprint database needs provenance, competing labels, raw evidence, format versions and licences—not another unexplained hash list.
Public Fingerprint Databases Are Not Ground Truth
We reviewed the main public fingerprint resources. The formats are open, but current application labels and auditable ground truth remain scarce.
Using Network Fingerprints in Bot and Rate-Limit Decisions
A practical way to use network fingerprints for bot and rate-limit decisions without mistaking a shared client cohort for identity.
Does TLS Fingerprint Canonicalisation Hide Attacker Variation? How to Test It
Sorting makes TLS fingerprints more stable, but it also removes ordering evidence. Here is how to test whether the discarded variation matters.
A Network Fingerprint Is a Cohort, Not a Client
TLS fingerprints group similar protocol implementations. They do not prove which application, device or person made a request.
From Joy to Mercury and EVE: Following Cisco's Network Fingerprinting Work
Cisco's open-source collectors, fingerprinting research and Encrypted Visibility Engine form a clear lineage, but they are not interchangeable parts of one public system.
Two Lineages of TLS Fingerprinting: JA3, JA4 and Cisco Mercury
JA4 did not descend from Cisco Mercury. The two projects come from different strands of TLS fingerprinting research and solve different operational problems.
Before JA3: How TLS Handshakes Became Fingerprints
JA3 made TLS fingerprints easy to log and share, but the technical ideas behind it had already been tested in SSL Labs experiments, a p0f patch and FingerprinTLS.
One ClientHello, Three Fingerprints: JA3, JA4 and Mercury
A reproducible lab runs JA3, JA4 and Cisco Mercury against the same TLS ClientHello and compares what each fingerprint preserves.
How to fix your Adobe Commerce Overages with Fastly
If you're consistently going over your contracted CDN egress on your Adobe Commerce contract here's how you can easily fix it.
Edge Security is now a Privacy Compliance Issue
Recent guidelines from the Australian government have specified practical measures businesses need to take to protect personal information. Learn more.
An Operating Model for API and Account Protection
API and account protection works best as an operating model: map routes, classify signals, choose proportionate actions, preserve evidence, and tune controls from monitor to enforce.
API Bot Abuse Does Not Stay in One Endpoint
API bot abuse moves across login, checkout, and account journeys. Defenders need route-aware bot, rate, and account controls that follow the campaign rather than treating each endpoint as a separate incident.
API Protection and Account Protection Are One Request-Path Problem
Account protection does not stop at the login form. The same request path carries API, bot, rate, token, and account-risk evidence, and that is where the decision needs to happen.
The Real Cost of Breached Credentials
Breached credentials keep creating cost after the original breach. They feed credential stuffing, account takeover, fraud, support, and reputation costs across login, recovery, checkout, and API flows.
Credential Stuffing Does Not Stop at the Login Form
Credential stuffing risk continues after a password works. Account protection needs to watch password reset, email change, stored payment, gift card, and checkout flows.
Fingerprints Are Evidence, Not Identity
Browser and network fingerprints are useful security evidence, but they should not be treated as proof of a person's identity.
Account Security Without Tracking People
Safer logins do not require treating people as products. Account defence should use minimised, purpose-bound risk signals and proportionate decisions.
How Residential Proxies Changed API and Account Abuse
Residential proxies have changed account abuse from obvious bursts into distributed, low-noise workflows across login, account, and API routes. Treat proxy use as a risk signal, not a blunt block rule.
Shadow APIs Are Account-Abuse Paths
Shadow APIs matter because attackers do not care whether a route is documented. Mobile, partner, browser-backed, and legacy APIs can all become account-abuse paths when they remain outside normal controls.
Price Transparency Is Now a Data Access Problem
Price comparison increasingly depends on current web and API data. Retailers need bot and API controls that can distinguish intended automated access from uncontrolled extraction.
Cloudflare outage proves Plan B depends on controlling DNS
Tuesday’s Cloudflare incident reminded everyone that you can’t execute a Plan B if your DNS knobs are trapped behind the provider that’s failing. Here’s how Peakhour runs a detect-decide-divert playbook without touching your existing third-party DNS vendors.
The BOTS Act and the War on Ticket Scalping
A deep dive into the BOTS Act, how it's being used to investigate Ticketmaster, and the ongoing battle against ticket scalping bots.
Agentic AI vs. Your API
Understand the shift from scripted bots to reasoning AI agents and how to adapt your security strategy for this new reality.
Anatomy of a Credential Stuffing Attack
A deep dive into how credential stuffing attacks work, the tools used, and how to build a multi-layered defense.
Beyond the IP Address
Discover why traditional IP-based rate limiting is obsolete and how advanced techniques provide robust protection against modern distributed attacks.
The Invisibility Cloak
Learn how attackers combine residential proxies and anti-detect browsers to evade detection and how modern security tools can fight back.
The CAPTCHA Conundrum
Explore why traditional CAPTCHAs are failing both users and security, and discover modern, invisible alternatives.
Key Considerations for Effective Bot Management
With nearly half of all internet traffic being automated, a robust bot management strategy is essential. This article explores the key considerations for effective bot detection, classification, and response in the face of evolving threats.
The Bot Spectrum
Learn to classify bots into good, bad, and grey categories and apply the right management strategy for each.
How to Use Bot Management for IAM Use Cases
Bots are part of account takeover, fraud, scraping, and other abuse. Identity and access management leaders need a clear business case for bot management, or their organisations face avoidable account takeover losses and will be less prepared for the risks introduced when customers use AI agents.
The Negative Impact of Visible CAPTCHAs on Bounce Rates and Conversions
CAPTCHAs have long been a mainstay of bot management solutions, but the tradeoffs are lower conversions, find out just how bad it is.
Protecting Against a Share Point Zero Day Vulnerability with Network Fingerprinting
Analysis of attempts to exploit a recent Share Point zero day vulnerability reveal network fingerprinting and classification is a robust defense.
Why Don't We Have an AI UI Yet?
If AI is the next great computer interface, why are we still clicking on icons and navigating menus? Exploring the major hurdles standing between us and a true AI-native operating system.
AI as the Translator Between Human and Machine
We've gone from command lines to graphical interfaces. The next great leap in how we interact with computers won't be seen, it will be understood. AI is poised to become the ultimate translator between human intent and machine execution.
From Research Paper to Running Code
Exploring how AI can dramatically accelerate the process of turning complex academic research into functional code, with examples from anomaly detection to small LLMs.
My Programming Journey
A personal journey through the evolution of programming, from the early days of DOS and BASIC to the current age of AI-assisted coding.
A Complete Guide to SMS Pumping Fraud
SMS pumping fraud cost businesses $6.7 billion in 2021. Learn how these sophisticated attacks work, which companies face the highest risk, and the most effective protection strategies.
Why We Can't Trust IP Addresses
The proliferation of residential proxy networks has undermined traditional IP-based security, enabling attackers to bypass protection measures while appearing as legitimate users.
How AI Agents Are Writing Custom Exploits
AI agents with reasoning capabilities like DeepSeek are revolutionizing exploit development, marking the end of traditional security approaches based on static rules and patterns.
A/B Testing, Bots, and the New Normal
How AI agents are skewing marketing metrics and why traditional A/B testing needs to evolve for the age of autonomous digital interactions.
When Bots Are Your Primary Users
An exploration of how AI agents are reshaping API design principles and why we must evolve our approach to serve both machine and human consumers.
Data-Driven Risk Management
How Peakhour's contextual security aligns with Visa's data-driven risk management approach in the 2025-2028 Security Roadmap.
Why Reasoning Models Like DeepSeek Change Everything
How open reasoning models transform automation from rigid scripts to autonomous agents, fundamentally changing our approach to security and digital interactions.
Did Residential Proxies enable a $600 Billion loss?
How residential proxy networks may have enabled DeepSeek to bypass AI platform protections, leading to Nvidia's historic market value loss
Preventing Enumeration Attacks
An analysis of how Peakhour's solutions help prevent enumeration attacks, aligning with Visa's Security Roadmap 2025-2028 priorities.
Visa's Security Roadmap 2025-2028
An analysis of Visa's Security Roadmap 2025-2028 and how Peakhour's solutions help Australian businesses meet these security objectives.
How Bots Are Corrupting Your A/B Testing Data
Understand the impact of bot traffic on A/B testing results and learn how to protect your optimization efforts
How MTU Fingerprinting Identifies VPNs and Mobile Users
Learn how MTU fingerprinting reveals VPN usage, mobile connections, and network technologies through TCP handshake analysis. Discover practical SQL techniques for dynamic network intelligence.
How Bots Contaminate Your A/B Testing Results and Marketing Strategy
Bot traffic corrupts A/B testing results, leading to flawed marketing decisions. Learn how to protect your tests and ensure accurate data for strategic planning.
Anti-Detect Browsers
Anti-detect browsers represent one of the most sophisticated threats facing modern web applications and APIs. Learn how these tools work, why they pose a significant threat to application security, and how modern security platforms can detect and mitigate their use.
The Hidden Cost of Click Fraud
Click fraud drains marketing budgets and corrupts campaign data. Learn how bots and residential proxies impact your ad spend and marketing strategy.
Residential Proxies - The Growing Threat to Ad Campaigns
Learn how distributed bot networks using residential IPs are evolving to evade traditional fraud detection
Next-Generation Application Security Defence Strategies
Comprehensive analysis of AI-powered cyber threats and how modern application security platforms defend against machine learning-driven attacks. Learn advanced defence strategies for the AI cybersecurity arms race.
Your Anti-Fraud Residential Proxy Detection Sucks
Your anti fraud IP Intelligence service is no longer fit for purpose. Learn about the challenges in detecting residential proxies and why traditional methods don't work.
Managing Bots For Application Security
Comprehensive guide to enterprise bot management for modern application security platforms. Learn how to protect applications and APIs from sophisticated bot threats including anti-detect browsers, credential stuffing, and automated attacks targeting DevOps environments.
Application Security for Financial Services Under CPS 234
Comprehensive analysis of credential stuffing threats against Australian financial institutions and how application security platforms help meet CPS 234 disclosure requirements whilst preventing account takeover attacks.
The Australian epidemic of Account Takeover attacks
An in-depth look at the growing threat of credential stuffing attacks on Australian businesses, including recent case studies, defense challenges, and practical recommendations.
The Challenge of Proxy Detection
Examine why current security solutions fail to detect and mitigate threats from residential proxies, and the need for comprehensive protection strategies.
Quantifying The Residential Proxy Threat
Explore the complexities of residential proxy detection and its impact on organisational risk, with a focus on quantifying the threat and reframing security approaches.
Account Protection and User Experience in Web Applications
Explore strategies to enhance web application security without compromising user experience, focusing on contextual security and adaptive authentication measures.
The Cost of Credential Stuffing
Explore how credential stuffing attacks and account takeovers affect business reputation and customer trust.
2024 Survey Insights
Our 2024 survey of Australian CISOs and CTOs looks at how businesses are approaching account protection, particularly credential stuffing and residential proxies.
2024 Survey Insights
Survey data from Australian CISOs and CTOs shows broad MFA adoption, lower bot protection uptake, and early attention on residential proxy detection for credential stuffing and account takeover risk.
Application Security Beyond MFA
MFA helps, but it does not stop social engineering, residential proxy abuse, credential stuffing, or session risk on its own.
How To Exclude Query String Parameters from Search Engine crawling
Double crawling of pages by search engines due to filtering options and query strings can be a massive drain on server resources. Learn how to control it using robots.txt.
Addressing Key Cloud Security Categories
An analysis of Peakhour's role in addressing key cloud security categories identified in recent industry analysis, demonstrating its comprehensive approach to modern cloud security challenges.
Managing Breached Credential Usage
How breached credential checks and risk signals help detect credential stuffing without adding unnecessary login friction.
Rate Limiting for API Security
How advanced rate limiting protects modern applications and APIs from sophisticated threats including proxy networks, distributed attacks, and automated abuse in enterprise security environments.
The Iconic is the latest Account Takeover victim in the news
Popular Australian fashion website TheIconic recently suffered reputational damage from fraudsters placing orders after an account takeover. Learn how this happens and what you can do to stop it.
HTTP Security Headers
Comprehensive guide to HTTP security headers for protecting web applications from client-side attacks. Learn essential browser security configurations for modern application security platforms and DevSecOps workflows.
RFC 9460
Introducing SVCB and HTTPS records in DNS and their impact on web connectivity.
Dive into CVSS Scores
Understand CVSS by examining the Atlassian CVE-2023-22515 and CVE-2023-22518.
A Risk Based Approach To Vulnerability Scoring
An in-depth exploration of EPSS, its data-driven approach to assessing cybersecurity threats, and how it complements CVSS.
A Tale Of Two Scoring Systems
Reviewing the CVSS an EPSS CVE scoring systems in light of the Atlassian Confluence-Aggedon
Enterprise-Level Caching for All
Elevate your e-commerce with our newly released Magento 2 plugin. Experience enterprise-level caching features accessible to all Peakhour customers.
Useful tips to accelerate your Magento store
There are many things you can do to speed up your Magento store, here are just a few.
Navigating CDN Consolidation
Explore the complexities of switching CDN providers amid industry consolidation and how Peakhour can assist in the transition
Google Chrome's "IP Protection" vs Apple Private Relay
An exploration of Google Chrome's new "IP Protection" feature and a comparison with Apple's iCloud Private Relay.
JA4 and JA4+ Network Fingerprinting
How JA4 constructs a TLS client fingerprint, what JA4+ names, and which details sorting and hashing discard.
Google Chrome's "IP Protection" and Online Privacy
An exploration of Google Chrome's new "IP Protection" feature, its promise of enhanced privacy.
ModSecurity’s End-of-Life
ModSecurity's end-of-life marks a pivotal moment in application security evolution. Discover how modern Application Security Platforms are advancing beyond traditional WAF approaches to provide comprehensive protection for web applications and APIs at the edge.
APRA Cybersecurity Guidelines
Comprehensive guide to APRA cybersecurity requirements for Australian financial institutions. Learn how application security platforms help meet CPS 234 compliance and Information Security Manual guidelines for protecting financial services infrastructure.
HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Attack Deepdive
The technicalities of the HTTP/2 Rapid Reset vulnerability and steps to fortify against DDoS threats.
Web scraping another Business' website
Scraping competitor websites is a common practice, but is it legal? Read on to find out.
Understanding the HTTP/2 Rapid Reset Attack
A comprehensive breakdown of the HTTP/2 Rapid Reset flaw and guidance on bolstering defences against potential DDoS attacks.
Interaction to Next Paint (INP)
Google is introducing a new Core Web Vital to replace First Input Delay, read on to learn all about it.
The Rise of OpenBullet
A comprehensive look at OpenBullet, its capabilities, and the implications for cybersecurity in the face of its misuse.
A Secure Internet
Google Chrome is advancing towards making the web secure by default through HTTPS-First Mode.
Vary Cache on Cookie Value
Varying the cache on a specific cookie value is a powerful way to cache personalised content. Many CDNs consider this an enterprise feature, but it's essential for modern dynamic websites.
Content and Origin Mounting
Content/Origin mounting allows you to seamlessly bring content together from multiple sources, on to your main website.
Cache Tags/Surrogate Keys
Surrogate Keys, or cache tags, are a powerful mechanism for targeted flushing of content from a cache, not all CDNs support them though.
Headless Commerce Security
Comprehensive analysis of security challenges in headless commerce and Single Page Applications. Learn how to protect modern e-commerce APIs and microservices architectures from scraping, fraud, and automated attacks.
ZDNS - scan the entire internet
Details the use of ZDNS, a high-performance DNS toolkit, to create a comprehensive Reverse DNS (rDNS) lookup database by scanning the entire internet, and how randomizing the IP space overcomes UDP timeout issues.
Enterprise DDoS Protection
Analysis of the Microsoft 365 DDoS attack by Storm-1359 reveals critical lessons for enterprise application security platforms. Learn advanced Layer 7 DDoS protection strategies and rate limiting techniques for modern applications.
Maximising Website Speed
How can maximising website speed boost your company's revenue, especially during an impending economic recession?
Down But Not Out - JXL Will Return on Safari
What Apple's announcement of JPEG-XL support means for the web ecosystem.
Understanding HTTP Link Headers
HTTP Link headers are a relatively unknown but powerful way to improve page load times.
The Rise of the Dragon
Residential proxy malware, and its implications for traditional cybersecurity measures, emphasising the need for evolving threat detection and mitigation strategies.
Residential Proxies and MITRE Framework
Explore residential proxies within the context of the MITRE ATT&CK framework, highlighting the security implications and ethical considerations.
Residential Proxy Detection
Comprehensive analysis of residential proxy threats and detection strategies for modern application security platforms. Learn how sophisticated threat actors use residential proxies to bypass traditional security measures.
When Bots Break Bad
Even 'good' bots can end up abusing your site and impacting performance, learn why and how to stop it.
Advanced Anomaly Detection
Deep dive into Robust Random Cut Forest (RRCF) implementation for real-time anomaly detection in Application Security Platforms. Learn how advanced machine learning algorithms enhance threat detection and automated response capabilities.
Consistent Hash with Bounded Loads
An overview of consistent hashing with bounded loads, an advanced load balancing technique that ensures a more even distribution of keys across servers, preventing overload and improving system stability.
Double MAD?
This article explores the use of Double Median Absolute Deviation (Double MAD) for anomaly detection in time series data, particularly in skewed or non-symmetric distributions.
Double MAD vs the Rest
A look at the limitations of Double MAD for anomaly detection, and a comparison with the Z-score method, to help you choose the right approach for your data.
Efficiently Generating and Printing All IPv4 Addresses in a Random Order
Explains how to efficiently generate all IPv4 addresses in a random order using a Linear Congruential Generator (LCG), a memory-efficient method for tasks like security testing and network simulation.
Locality Sensitive Hashing
An introduction to Locality Sensitive Hashing (LSH) and its application in load balancing, including consistent hashing and its use in CDNs and Google's Maglev for efficient server pool management.
Scaling anomaly detection with RRCF
Discusses strategies for scaling the Robust Random Cut Forest (RRCF) algorithm for large-scale anomaly detection, including using summary statistics, buffering input, and parallelisation.
Applied RRCF - thresholding techniques.
Explores various thresholding techniques like Median Absolute Deviation (MAD), Min/Max, and Z-Score for interpreting Robust Random Cut Forest (RRCF) anomaly scores, crucial for classifying data points as normal or anomalous.
Multi-Origin Load Balancing
Websites with a global audience need more than just a traditional CDN. They need geographic multi origin load balancing.
The Death of JPEG-XL
We bid farewell to JPEG-XL after its abrupt deprecation by Google, reinforcing the tech giant's domineering influence over the web and sparking a call for resilient alternatives.
Introducing Automatic Cache Tags in the Updated Peakhour WordPress Plugin
Read about automatic cache tags in the updated Peakhour WordPress plugin.
Layer 7 DDoS Protection
Comprehensive guide to Layer 7 DDoS protection using strategic caching within application security platforms. Learn how intelligent caching strategies provide robust defence against sophisticated application-layer attacks.
Chrome's TLS Extension Randomisation Experiment
Does TLS extension randomisation assist in hiding Chrome?
TLS Fingerprinting
What is fingerprinting, and in particular TLS fingerprinting?
Automatic Image Optimisation
Image optimisation saves you bandwidth and designer effort while reduces page load time.
Drupal full page caching module
We're excited to announce our Drupal 8/9 caching module, read on for more details.
Prestashop 1.6/1.7 full page caching plugin released!
Prestashop is the latest shopping cart we've made a plugin for, read on for more details.
IP Threat Intelligence
Comprehensive guide to IP threat intelligence for modern application security platforms. Learn how managed IP reputation lists and threat intelligence feeds protect applications from known malicious sources and emerging threats.
Origin shield
Origin shield is a CDN must have feature that increases your Cache Hit Rate by consolidating requests from POPs.
CVE-2022-26134
Peakhour clients are protected against CVF-2022-26134 Atlassian Confluence RCE
CDN Cache Keys
Cache keys allows the segmenting of the Peakhour.IO cache by elements of both the request and response, enabling effective and flexible caching of content.
Intelligent Rate Limiting
Comprehensive guide to intelligent rate limiting for modern application security platforms. Learn how sophisticated rate limiting protects APIs and web applications from abuse, DDoS attacks, and automated threats whilst maintaining optimal user experience.
Rate limiting
How can rate limiting protect your web application and the key items to consider when enabling.
Request collapsing
Request collapsing - saving your origin by reducing concurrent requests and re-using responses for resources.
Opencart 3 Full Page Caching Plugin Released
Elevate your Opencart 3 store's performance with Peakhour's full page caching plugin. Learn how our features outperform LiteSpeed and Varnish Cache.
Cdn-Cache-Control
CDN-Cache-Control is a proposed new header to augment the venerable Cache-Control. Its aim is to make controlling caching easier as CDNs become ubiquitous.
Cache-Status
Cache-Status is a proposed standard header to provide visibility into how caching providers interact and handle a request.
Fastly Outage
Fastly, a major CDN provider, had a global outage last night which affected some of the world's largest websites and internet services. Why didn't they have a backup plan?
Google AMP
Google AMP has been controversial right from the get go. As part of its 'Page Experience Update' Google is removing its preferential treatment of AMP authored pages.
Website Optimisation
Even if you have the fastest server in the world, your website might still seem very slow to end users if you have lots of render blocking resources, learn how to deal with them.
Setting Up A Chia Hobby Farm
Chia is a new blockchain aiming to one up Bitcoin that's taking the crypto world by storm. We decided to jump on the bandwagon.
What is the Chrome UX Report (CrUX), and why should you care?
Learn what the Chrome UX Report is, how CrUX field data feeds Core Web Vitals reporting, and how to use it alongside lab tools.
The CDN is Dead, Long Live the CDN!
Firefox and Chrome are introducing cache partitioning to improve your privacy, from everyone except Google.
Secure Dynamic Content Caching
Comprehensive guide to secure dynamic content caching that improves server performance whilst maintaining security controls. Learn how modern application security platforms integrate caching with threat protection for optimal performance-security balance.
Why Manage Bots?
Comprehensive guide to enterprise bot management and advanced countermeasures for protecting applications against sophisticated malicious bot threats. Learn proven strategies for bot detection, mitigation, and automated defence systems.
Common Issues That Affect Website Performance
After covering testing we're going to get an overview of the common issues that impact website load times and how to check for them.
Are Australian Magento Stores Ready For Web Vitals?
Are Australian Magento stores prepared for the introduction of Core Web Vitals as a search signal? Read on to find out.
AVIF Support For Automatic Image Optimisation
AVIF is a next generation image format with early support in Chrome and Firefox. Peakhour is pleased to offer AVIF as a supported format to our clients.
Test Your Website Performance With Google Lighthouse
This installment on website performance introduces Google Lighthouse as a measuring tool. Read on to see how we use it here at Peakhour.
Website Performance testing with WebPageTest.org
In this installment of our website performance series we're taking a look at webpagetest.org, one of the best tools you can use to analyse real world performance of your website.
Application Performance Optimisation
A practical primer for finding where website requests lose time, from cache state and origin work to browser rendering.
Core Web Vitals Optimisation
Comprehensive guide to Core Web Vitals optimisation with integrated security. Learn how modern application security platforms improve both performance metrics and protection whilst boosting search rankings and user experience.
Malicious Bot Threats
Comprehensive analysis of malicious bot threats targeting modern applications and APIs. Learn how enterprise bot management protects against automated attacks, credential stuffing, price scraping, and sophisticated bot-driven financial damage.
Is your website obese?
An introduction to page weight, what it is and how you can reduce it.
Instant Alerts
Introducing Instant Alerts, a new feature for receiving emails or SMS alerts when events happen on your site.
WordPress Performance Optimisation
How to speed up WordPress by separating public cacheable pages from private, expensive, and abused request paths.
Boost Your Website Speed with Full Page Caching
Our Magento 1 plugin is now available in the Magento Store. Discover how it improves website performance and capability.
Boost Your Website Speed with Peakhour's Full Page Caching
Experience a significant boost in website speed and performance with Peakhour's Full Page Caching feature, now easily accessible through our Wordpress plugin.